pip安装模块报错ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org‘, port=443): Read timed

今天在安装python模块时提示ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host=‘files.pythonhosted.org’, port=443): Read timed out
具体报错如下：

[root@0018 /]# pip install pygame
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Collecting pygame
  Downloading pygame-2.0.3-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.3 MB)
     |███████████▊                    | 4.9 MB 8.0 kB/s eta 0:17:40ERROR: Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/base_command.py", line 223, in _main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/req_command.py", line 180, in wrapper
    return func(self, options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/commands/install.py", line 321, in run
    reqs, check_supported_wheels=not options.target_dir
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 180, in resolve
    discovered_reqs.extend(self._resolve_one(requirement_set, req))
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 385, in _resolve_one
    dist = self._get_dist_for(req_to_install)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/resolution/legacy/resolver.py", line 337, in _get_dist_for
    dist = self.preparer.prepare_linked_requirement(req)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 480, in prepare_linked_requirement
    return self._prepare_linked_requirement(req, parallel_builds)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 505, in _prepare_linked_requirement
    self.download_dir, hashes,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 257, in unpack_url
    hashes=hashes,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/operations/prepare.py", line 130, in get_http_url
    from_path, content_type = download(link, temp_dir.path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/download.py", line 163, in __call__
    for chunk in chunks:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/cli/progress_bars.py", line 168, in iter
    for x in it:
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_internal/network/utils.py", line 88, in response_chunks
    decode_content=False,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 576, in stream
    data = self.read(amt=amt, decode_content=decode_content)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 541, in read
    raise IncompleteRead(self._fp_bytes_read, self.length_remaining)
  File "/usr/lib64/python2.7/contextlib.py", line 35, in __exit__
    self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pip/_vendor/urllib3/response.py", line 451, in _error_catcher
    raise ReadTimeoutError(self._pool, None, "Read timed out.")
ReadTimeoutError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='files.pythonhosted.org', port=443): Read timed out.

处理方法pip --default-timeout=100 install -U pygame

这使用pip安装超时，绝大多数原因是pip源在外国，所以国内使用，网络就算稳定，也有一定超时。–default-timeout即增大延时时间。或者更换PIP源，目前常用的有以下几种：
阿里云 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/pypi/simple/
中国科技大学 https://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
豆瓣(douban) http://pypi.douban.com/simple/
清华大学 https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
中国科学技术大学 http://pypi.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/simple/
临时解决：pip install requests -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

结果

[root@0018 /]# pip --default-timeout=100 install -U pygame
DEPRECATION: Python 2.7 reached the end of its life on January 1st, 2020. Please upgrade your Python as Python 2.7 is no longer maintained. pip 21.0 will drop support for Python 2.7 in January 2021. More details about Python 2 support in pip can be found at https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/development/release-process/#python-2-support pip 21.0 will remove support for this functionality.
Collecting pygame
  Downloading pygame-2.0.3-cp27-cp27mu-manylinux_2_5_x86_64.manylinux1_x86_64.whl (13.3 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 13.3 MB 22 kB/s 
Installing collected packages: pygame
Successfully installed pygame-2.0.3